Korea 1950-1953
v.1.0 May 6, 2001
This historical orbat is by Dr. Graham Watson. It is a preliminary to a more detailed version.
United Nations Forces
After the invasion of South Korea by the North Koreans in June 1950, an international force was formed, under American leadership, in response to the resolution of the Security Council of the United Nations. Although dominated by the United States, many nations provided combat troops, medical personnel, naval and air forces for the UN force. This Order of Battle provides a broad outline of the ground combat forces which fought in Korea.
In many cases the contributing nations followed the practice of the US Army which sent a specific number of units to Korea and then rotated personnel in and out of those units. Countries of the British Commonwealth followed the British practice of rotating whole units in and out of Korea-usually for a year at a time.
UNITED STATES ARMY
HQ 8th Army, June 1950-July 1953
HQ I Corps from September 1950
HQ IX Corps from September 1950
HQ X Corps from September 1950
24th Infantry Division, from Japan, June 1950 until January 1952
[19th, 21st, 34th Infantry Regiments]
1st Cavalry Division, from Japan, June 1950 until December 1951
[5th, 7th, 8th Cavalry Regiments]
25th Infantry Division, from Japan, June 1950 until end of war
[24th, 27th, 35th Infantry Regiemnts-14th Infantry replaced 24th in August 1951]
2nd Infantry Division, from USA, August 1950 –still in South Korea
[9th, 23rd, 38th Infantry Regiments]
7th Infantry Division, from Japan, September 1950 –remained after armistice in 1953
[17th. 31st, 32nd Infantry Regiments]
3rd Infantry Division, ex USA, October 1950 until end of war
[7th, 15th, 30th Infantry Regiments –30th Infantry replaced by 65th in April 1951]
45th National Guard Infantry Division, from December 1951 until end of war
[179th 180th, 279th Infantry Regiments]
40th National Guard Infantry Division, from January 1952 until end of war
[160th, 223rd, 224th Infantry Regiments]
29th Infantry Regiment from July until September 1950 when disbanded to form
27th and 25th Infantry Regiments
5th Regimental Combat Team from August 1950
187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team, from November 1950
UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS
1st Marine Division, from September 1950 until end of war
[1st, 5th, 7th Marines; 1st Marine Air Wing]
BRITISH COMMONWEALTH
27th Infantry Brigade, formed in August 1950 from two British battalions in Hong Kong, and one Australian battalion, and one New Zealand artillery regiment. Replaced from September 1950 by-
The Commonwealth Division, which remained until 1954
25th Canadian Infantry Brigade
28th Commonwealth Brigade [mixed British and Australian]
29th Infantry Brigade [British]
divisional troops included a New Zealand artillery regiment
EUROPEAN FORCES
1st Turkish Infantry Brigade, from October 1950-
-September 1951 replaced by 2nd Turkish Brigade
-July 1952 replaced by 3rd Turkish Brigade
-September 1953 replaced by 4th Turkish Brigade
French Battalion, from November 1950 until October 1953
Battalion of Regiment Van Heutz, Dutch Army, from November 1950 until September 1954
Greek Battalion, from December 1950
-Hellenic Regiment, from 1954 until 1955
1st Belgian Battalion, from January 1951 until June 1955
[included a rifle company from Luxemburg]
Medical units from Denmark, Italy, Norway and Sweden
AFRICAN FORCES
1st Kagnew Battalion, Ethiopia, from May 1951 until January 1955
ASIAN FORCES
21st Thai Infantry Regiment, from September 1950 until 1955
Philippine Battalion-dates not known
Philippine tank company-dates not known
Field hospital from India
LATIN AMERICAN FORCES
1ST Colombian Battalion, from June 1951 until October 1954
NAVAL FORCES came from United States, Great Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Colombia, Netherlands, and Thailand.
AIR FORCES came from United States, Great Britain, Australia, Canada, Greece, South Africa, and Thailand
The SOUTH KOREAN ARMY deployed 19 divisions. They were the 1st-12th, 15th, 20th-22nd and 25th-27th Divisions.
Sunday, October 25, 2009
Korea at glance
Korea at glance
Korea as World's 10th Largest Economy South and North Korea in Diagram Per capita income rises to $14,162 in 2004 Korea Ranks 5th in UN Global e-Government Readiness Index Korea Ranks 4th in 2002 FIFA World Cup Finals, 1988 Seoul Olympic Games Korea to host FIFA U-17 World Cup in 2007 'Korean Wave' leaves its mark in Asia in 2004 Korea's internet usage rate tops 70% Second gas field found in East Sea Korea Abounds with World Heritage Homegrown Humanoid Robot Unveiled High-Speed Train Breaks 350-km Per Hour Barrier Hwang is World's First to Clone Human Embryo Korea Gets High Marks for Political Freedom
Korean Students Rank World's First in Problem Solving Exports Rise to $254.2 Billion Jikji - World's Oldest Text Printed with Metal Type 'Korea Year 2005' in Germany Government Unveils Draft for New Administrative Capital ROK's Overseas Direct Investment Tops $40 Billion Nepal among ten worse countries in terms of free press: RSF
A Paris-based press freedom watchdog has said Nepal ranks among ten worse countries where free press is gagged.
According to the Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2005 launched by the Reporters sans Frontiers (RSF) on Thursday, Nepal ranks at the 8th position from the bottom out of 167 countries surveyed.
‘’ King Gyanendra of Nepal is trying to wipe out 15 years of democratic achievement by the independent press with censorship and arrests and his government has sent soldiers to newspaper offices. About 150 journalists were arrested by the authorities in the first 10 days of September this year,’’ the report said. The Maoist rebels killed, kidnapped and threatened journalists, especially pro-government ones, who criticised them, the RSF added.
More than 400 journalists were arrested or imprisoned by the security forces in Nepal in 2004 and more than 30 were harassed by Maoists, the report said. Two journalists were killed, 413 arrested, 13 kidnapped, 76 physically attacked and 29 others were threatened in Nepal last year, the report said.
The report was prepared before the royal government introduced new media law, which critics say aims at further curbing the fragile media freedom in the country.
In the index, Nepal has fallen behind China (159th) and Vietnam (158th) improved. Though no journalists are now in jail, the ruling Communist Party still controls the media in Vietnam, the report said.
North Korea once again comes at the bottom of the WPF Index closely followed by Eritrea (166th) and Turkmenistan (165th), which are other “black holes” for news where the privately-owned media is not allowed and freedom of expression does not exist, the organisation said.
The situation in Iraq (157th) deteriorated further during the year as the safety of journalists became more precarious. At least 24 journalists and media assistants have been killed so far this year, making it the mostly deadly conflict for the media since World War II. A total of 72 media workers have been killed since the fighting began in March 2003.
Some Western democracies slipped down the Index. The United States (44th) fell more than 20 places, mainly because of the imprisonment of New York Times reporter Judith Miller and legal moves undermining the privacy of journalistic sources. Canada (21st) also dropped several places due to decisions that weakened the privacy of sources and sometimes turned journalists into “court auxiliaries.”
At the top of the Index once again are northern European countries Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Iceland, Norway and the Netherlands, where robust press freedom is firmly established, the report said.
Countries that have recently won their independence or have recovered it are very observant of press freedom and give the lie to the insistence of many authoritarian leaders that democracy takes decades to establish itself. Nine states that have had independence (or recovered it within the past 15 years) are among the top 60 countries – Slovenia (9th), Estonia (11th), Latvia (16th), Lithuania (21st), Namibia (25th), Bosnia-Herzegovina (33rd), Macedonia (43rd), Croatia (56th) and East Timor (58th).
And, there were some striking improvements too, according to the RSF. Press freedom improved in Tonga (63rd), where the democratic opposition and the courts managed to push back arbitrary measures by the king. Mongolia (53rd) recorded very little interference with journalists despite continuing government control of the public media.
Malaysia (113th) no longer has any journalists or cyber-dissidents in prison and peace accords in Indonesia (102nd) have opened up the former rebel province of Aceh to journalists. Despite occasional violence, the media works in good conditions and online media are prolific, the report said. nepalnews.com by Oct 21 05
korea: The forgotten warVeterans vow to keep alive their memories of fighting in Korean War
Korean Veterans of Georgia, Inc. hold one of their regular fish frys Wednesday evening at the Oakwood Community Center. The event allows the veterans and their wives to join together and swap stories old and new.SCOTT ROGERS (The Times)6 of 6 View LargerPrevious View Slides NextBy Brandee A. Thomasbthomas@gainesvilletimes.com
POSTED May 24, 2009 12:30 a.m.
Stuck between two other events that defined generations, the Korean War has unfortunately become a forgotten war for too many Americans.
But for the soldiers who fought in the Korean War, the war is forever burned into their memories.
"After World War II, most people were tired of war. It was a very demanding time. We had to throw everything we had in it — rationing food at home and supplying soldiers to fight. After those soldiers came home, they tried to put their lives back together, but within five years another war broke out," said Charles Sexton, a member of the Korean War Veterans of Georgia, Inc., which is based in Hall County.
"And then not long after things were over in Korea, the Vietnam War started, so we just got sandwiched between these two (bigger) wars and forget about us."
The Korean War officially began in June of 1950 and a truce was declared in July 1953. During that time span, 103,284 American soldiers were wounded, another 54,246 died and another 15,000 were declared either missing in action or prisoners of war.
Although the Korean War hasn't gotten as much attention as the wars immediately preceding and proceeding it, the event was no less important to the hundreds of thousands of soldiers who fought in the three-year war.
"I was drafted when I was 19 years old. After training I was supposed to be stationed on a hill over looking the (combat zone), but I ended up on the front line," said Rupert Cartwright, who served with the Army.
"I don't regret serving in Korea, I love my country. Even if others forget, there is a whole nation of people who are thankful for the sacrifices we made over there to secure their freedom," he said.
Sam Bang, of Goodwork Korea Inc., recently presented the Hall County veterans group with medals in appreciation for their efforts to help South Korea gain its independence during the Korean War.
The Korean War didn't just require the enlisted soldiers to make sacrifices, families also had to do without.
"We were married for five days before he had to leave for Korea. After that he was gone for two years," said Barbara Coker, who is married to Army veteran David Coker.
"It was tough being here working and knowing that my husband was there fighting. It was rough not knowing if he was safe or not."
Because the soldiers were not allowed to tell their families where they were or what was going on, loved ones had to wait until newsreels were played on television or in local theaters to know exactly what was going on in the war.
The local veterans aren't the only ones who feel that the Korean War has become the forgotten war. A group of veterans in Illinois currently have a national fundraising campaign going to create a Korean War National Museum, which will be located on a site in Springfield, across from the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Museum.
According to the museum's organizers, the Korean War was "the first armed struggle between Democracy and Communism, the first time the United States forces were racially integrated in combat and the first time United Nations members joined forces to defend a nation's freedom."
The Korean War was also full of firsts for many of the young soldiers- many of whom were straight out of high school and were from small town, U.S.A. The first time that many of them had been so far away from home. Even the first time that some of them had seen the ocean.
Times were rough abroad. Temperatures often dropped below 0 degrees and the soldiers often did know what to expect from one day to the next.
With no choice but to rely on each other, the soldiers found themselves becoming less like strangers thrown together and more like a band of brothers.
Even after the war was over, many of the soldiers remained close, often visiting each other, which worked out in Catherine Cartwright's favor.
"My brother volunteered to join the Army. He and (Rupert Cartwright) met on the train on their way to training. They trained together, served on the front-lines of Korea together and came home together," said Catherine Cartwright.
"(Rupert) came to visit my brother that summer. When I saw him, I thought he was the most handsome man I'd ever seen. We dated for three months through the mail and with weekend visits. And we got married that November in 1952. We've been together ever since."
Even as a young 19-year-old soldier, Paul Scroggs knew that although he was sacrificing youthful experiences for a more sobering existence in a war zone, he says he always knew he was doing the right thing.
"A lot of my buddies didn't want to go, but I volunteered. I wouldn't trade my time served for anything in the world," said Scroggs, who was on active duty with the Navy from 1952 until 1956.
"We didn't realize it then, but the Korean War really was the beginning of the political wars. It set the stage for Vietnam. Now whenever people have programs and show their appreciation for veterans they always mention World War II and Vietnam, but they never say anything about Korea."
As long as they live, the Korean War Veterans have vowed to not let the memory of their experiences fall by the wayside. Even though they have hung up their weapons, and retired their uniforms, the former soldiers say they will keep fighting for the respect they and their fallen "brothers in combat" deserve.
"We served with silent dignity," said Sexton.
"A lot of our soldiers died over there. Everyone seems to forget about the Korean War, but we can't forget."
Key dates in life of SKorea's Roh Moo-hyunBy The Associated Press – 1 day ago
A look at key events in the life of former South Korean President Roh Moo-hyun:
Aug. 6, 1946 — Roh Moo-hyun is born in Gimhae in southern Korea.
March 1975 — Passes bar exam, despite never attending college.
May 1978 — Opens law practice, defends students accused of sedition under military rule.
April 1988 — Elected to National Assembly.
Dec. 19, 2002 — Narrowly wins South Korean presidential election.
Jan. 10, 2003 — North Korea withdraws from global nuclear arms control treaty, inflaming standoff over its weapons programs. Roh calls for peaceful resolution.
Feb. 25, 2003 — Takes presidential office for five-year term, replacing Kim Dae-jung.
August 2003 — First round of six-nation talks on North Korean nuclear crisis end without breakthrough.
March 4, 2004 — National Election Commission says Roh violated election laws by making comments that could influence April parliamentary vote.
March 9, 2004 — Two main opposition parties submit the country's first presidential impeachment motion against Roh, who is impeached three days later.
May 14, 2004 — Constitutional Court reinstates Roh.
September 2004 — South Korea deploys 3,600 troops to Iraq to help U.S.-led reconstruction efforts.
Oct. 9, 2006 — North Korea conducts nuclear test.
April 2, 2007 — South Korea and U.S. reach free trade agreement, still to be approved by both countries' legislatures.
May 17, 2007 — Trains travel between North and South Korea for first time since 1950-53 Korean War.
October 2007 — Roh holds summit in Pyongyang with North Korean leader Kim Jong Il, the second meeting between leaders of two Koreas.
Dec. 19, 2007 — Former Seoul Mayor Lee Myung-bak, a Hyundai CEO-turned-politician, wins presidential election.
Feb. 25, 2008 — Lee takes office, replacing Roh. Roh moves back to hometown.
April 7, 2009 — Former Roh aide detained for allegedly relaying payments from businessman accused of bribing Roh and family members. Roh says wife admits taking money from businessman.
April 30, 2009 — Prosecutors question Roh about allegations he accepted $6 million in bribes from businessman while in office.
May 23, 2009 — Roh dies in Busan.
Korea as World's 10th Largest Economy South and North Korea in Diagram Per capita income rises to $14,162 in 2004 Korea Ranks 5th in UN Global e-Government Readiness Index Korea Ranks 4th in 2002 FIFA World Cup Finals, 1988 Seoul Olympic Games Korea to host FIFA U-17 World Cup in 2007 'Korean Wave' leaves its mark in Asia in 2004 Korea's internet usage rate tops 70% Second gas field found in East Sea Korea Abounds with World Heritage Homegrown Humanoid Robot Unveiled High-Speed Train Breaks 350-km Per Hour Barrier Hwang is World's First to Clone Human Embryo Korea Gets High Marks for Political Freedom
Korean Students Rank World's First in Problem Solving Exports Rise to $254.2 Billion Jikji - World's Oldest Text Printed with Metal Type 'Korea Year 2005' in Germany Government Unveils Draft for New Administrative Capital ROK's Overseas Direct Investment Tops $40 Billion Nepal among ten worse countries in terms of free press: RSF
A Paris-based press freedom watchdog has said Nepal ranks among ten worse countries where free press is gagged.
According to the Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2005 launched by the Reporters sans Frontiers (RSF) on Thursday, Nepal ranks at the 8th position from the bottom out of 167 countries surveyed.
‘’ King Gyanendra of Nepal is trying to wipe out 15 years of democratic achievement by the independent press with censorship and arrests and his government has sent soldiers to newspaper offices. About 150 journalists were arrested by the authorities in the first 10 days of September this year,’’ the report said. The Maoist rebels killed, kidnapped and threatened journalists, especially pro-government ones, who criticised them, the RSF added.
More than 400 journalists were arrested or imprisoned by the security forces in Nepal in 2004 and more than 30 were harassed by Maoists, the report said. Two journalists were killed, 413 arrested, 13 kidnapped, 76 physically attacked and 29 others were threatened in Nepal last year, the report said.
The report was prepared before the royal government introduced new media law, which critics say aims at further curbing the fragile media freedom in the country.
In the index, Nepal has fallen behind China (159th) and Vietnam (158th) improved. Though no journalists are now in jail, the ruling Communist Party still controls the media in Vietnam, the report said.
North Korea once again comes at the bottom of the WPF Index closely followed by Eritrea (166th) and Turkmenistan (165th), which are other “black holes” for news where the privately-owned media is not allowed and freedom of expression does not exist, the organisation said.
The situation in Iraq (157th) deteriorated further during the year as the safety of journalists became more precarious. At least 24 journalists and media assistants have been killed so far this year, making it the mostly deadly conflict for the media since World War II. A total of 72 media workers have been killed since the fighting began in March 2003.
Some Western democracies slipped down the Index. The United States (44th) fell more than 20 places, mainly because of the imprisonment of New York Times reporter Judith Miller and legal moves undermining the privacy of journalistic sources. Canada (21st) also dropped several places due to decisions that weakened the privacy of sources and sometimes turned journalists into “court auxiliaries.”
At the top of the Index once again are northern European countries Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Iceland, Norway and the Netherlands, where robust press freedom is firmly established, the report said.
Countries that have recently won their independence or have recovered it are very observant of press freedom and give the lie to the insistence of many authoritarian leaders that democracy takes decades to establish itself. Nine states that have had independence (or recovered it within the past 15 years) are among the top 60 countries – Slovenia (9th), Estonia (11th), Latvia (16th), Lithuania (21st), Namibia (25th), Bosnia-Herzegovina (33rd), Macedonia (43rd), Croatia (56th) and East Timor (58th).
And, there were some striking improvements too, according to the RSF. Press freedom improved in Tonga (63rd), where the democratic opposition and the courts managed to push back arbitrary measures by the king. Mongolia (53rd) recorded very little interference with journalists despite continuing government control of the public media.
Malaysia (113th) no longer has any journalists or cyber-dissidents in prison and peace accords in Indonesia (102nd) have opened up the former rebel province of Aceh to journalists. Despite occasional violence, the media works in good conditions and online media are prolific, the report said. nepalnews.com by Oct 21 05
korea: The forgotten warVeterans vow to keep alive their memories of fighting in Korean War
Korean Veterans of Georgia, Inc. hold one of their regular fish frys Wednesday evening at the Oakwood Community Center. The event allows the veterans and their wives to join together and swap stories old and new.SCOTT ROGERS (The Times)6 of 6 View LargerPrevious View Slides NextBy Brandee A. Thomasbthomas@gainesvilletimes.com
POSTED May 24, 2009 12:30 a.m.
Stuck between two other events that defined generations, the Korean War has unfortunately become a forgotten war for too many Americans.
But for the soldiers who fought in the Korean War, the war is forever burned into their memories.
"After World War II, most people were tired of war. It was a very demanding time. We had to throw everything we had in it — rationing food at home and supplying soldiers to fight. After those soldiers came home, they tried to put their lives back together, but within five years another war broke out," said Charles Sexton, a member of the Korean War Veterans of Georgia, Inc., which is based in Hall County.
"And then not long after things were over in Korea, the Vietnam War started, so we just got sandwiched between these two (bigger) wars and forget about us."
The Korean War officially began in June of 1950 and a truce was declared in July 1953. During that time span, 103,284 American soldiers were wounded, another 54,246 died and another 15,000 were declared either missing in action or prisoners of war.
Although the Korean War hasn't gotten as much attention as the wars immediately preceding and proceeding it, the event was no less important to the hundreds of thousands of soldiers who fought in the three-year war.
"I was drafted when I was 19 years old. After training I was supposed to be stationed on a hill over looking the (combat zone), but I ended up on the front line," said Rupert Cartwright, who served with the Army.
"I don't regret serving in Korea, I love my country. Even if others forget, there is a whole nation of people who are thankful for the sacrifices we made over there to secure their freedom," he said.
Sam Bang, of Goodwork Korea Inc., recently presented the Hall County veterans group with medals in appreciation for their efforts to help South Korea gain its independence during the Korean War.
The Korean War didn't just require the enlisted soldiers to make sacrifices, families also had to do without.
"We were married for five days before he had to leave for Korea. After that he was gone for two years," said Barbara Coker, who is married to Army veteran David Coker.
"It was tough being here working and knowing that my husband was there fighting. It was rough not knowing if he was safe or not."
Because the soldiers were not allowed to tell their families where they were or what was going on, loved ones had to wait until newsreels were played on television or in local theaters to know exactly what was going on in the war.
The local veterans aren't the only ones who feel that the Korean War has become the forgotten war. A group of veterans in Illinois currently have a national fundraising campaign going to create a Korean War National Museum, which will be located on a site in Springfield, across from the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Museum.
According to the museum's organizers, the Korean War was "the first armed struggle between Democracy and Communism, the first time the United States forces were racially integrated in combat and the first time United Nations members joined forces to defend a nation's freedom."
The Korean War was also full of firsts for many of the young soldiers- many of whom were straight out of high school and were from small town, U.S.A. The first time that many of them had been so far away from home. Even the first time that some of them had seen the ocean.
Times were rough abroad. Temperatures often dropped below 0 degrees and the soldiers often did know what to expect from one day to the next.
With no choice but to rely on each other, the soldiers found themselves becoming less like strangers thrown together and more like a band of brothers.
Even after the war was over, many of the soldiers remained close, often visiting each other, which worked out in Catherine Cartwright's favor.
"My brother volunteered to join the Army. He and (Rupert Cartwright) met on the train on their way to training. They trained together, served on the front-lines of Korea together and came home together," said Catherine Cartwright.
"(Rupert) came to visit my brother that summer. When I saw him, I thought he was the most handsome man I'd ever seen. We dated for three months through the mail and with weekend visits. And we got married that November in 1952. We've been together ever since."
Even as a young 19-year-old soldier, Paul Scroggs knew that although he was sacrificing youthful experiences for a more sobering existence in a war zone, he says he always knew he was doing the right thing.
"A lot of my buddies didn't want to go, but I volunteered. I wouldn't trade my time served for anything in the world," said Scroggs, who was on active duty with the Navy from 1952 until 1956.
"We didn't realize it then, but the Korean War really was the beginning of the political wars. It set the stage for Vietnam. Now whenever people have programs and show their appreciation for veterans they always mention World War II and Vietnam, but they never say anything about Korea."
As long as they live, the Korean War Veterans have vowed to not let the memory of their experiences fall by the wayside. Even though they have hung up their weapons, and retired their uniforms, the former soldiers say they will keep fighting for the respect they and their fallen "brothers in combat" deserve.
"We served with silent dignity," said Sexton.
"A lot of our soldiers died over there. Everyone seems to forget about the Korean War, but we can't forget."
Key dates in life of SKorea's Roh Moo-hyunBy The Associated Press – 1 day ago
A look at key events in the life of former South Korean President Roh Moo-hyun:
Aug. 6, 1946 — Roh Moo-hyun is born in Gimhae in southern Korea.
March 1975 — Passes bar exam, despite never attending college.
May 1978 — Opens law practice, defends students accused of sedition under military rule.
April 1988 — Elected to National Assembly.
Dec. 19, 2002 — Narrowly wins South Korean presidential election.
Jan. 10, 2003 — North Korea withdraws from global nuclear arms control treaty, inflaming standoff over its weapons programs. Roh calls for peaceful resolution.
Feb. 25, 2003 — Takes presidential office for five-year term, replacing Kim Dae-jung.
August 2003 — First round of six-nation talks on North Korean nuclear crisis end without breakthrough.
March 4, 2004 — National Election Commission says Roh violated election laws by making comments that could influence April parliamentary vote.
March 9, 2004 — Two main opposition parties submit the country's first presidential impeachment motion against Roh, who is impeached three days later.
May 14, 2004 — Constitutional Court reinstates Roh.
September 2004 — South Korea deploys 3,600 troops to Iraq to help U.S.-led reconstruction efforts.
Oct. 9, 2006 — North Korea conducts nuclear test.
April 2, 2007 — South Korea and U.S. reach free trade agreement, still to be approved by both countries' legislatures.
May 17, 2007 — Trains travel between North and South Korea for first time since 1950-53 Korean War.
October 2007 — Roh holds summit in Pyongyang with North Korean leader Kim Jong Il, the second meeting between leaders of two Koreas.
Dec. 19, 2007 — Former Seoul Mayor Lee Myung-bak, a Hyundai CEO-turned-politician, wins presidential election.
Feb. 25, 2008 — Lee takes office, replacing Roh. Roh moves back to hometown.
April 7, 2009 — Former Roh aide detained for allegedly relaying payments from businessman accused of bribing Roh and family members. Roh says wife admits taking money from businessman.
April 30, 2009 — Prosecutors question Roh about allegations he accepted $6 million in bribes from businessman while in office.
May 23, 2009 — Roh dies in Busan.
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